BufferedGraphics Kelas

public ref class BufferedGraphics sealed : IDisposable

public sealed class BufferedGraphics : IDisposable

type BufferedGraphics = class
    interface IDisposable

Public NotInheritable Class BufferedGraphics
Implements IDisposable

Warisan

Object

BufferedGraphics

Penerapan

IDisposable

Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan penggunaan BufferedGraphics objek untuk menggambar grafik menggunakan beberapa jenis implementasi buffering. Mengklik formulir secara bergantian memulai dan menghentikan timer yang menyebabkan menggambar pembaruan. Pembaruan gambar memungkinkan Anda mengamati efek buffering ganda. Mengklik kanan siklus formulir melalui mode menggambar berikut:

• Menggambar langsung ke Handle untuk .Form

• Menggambar dengan mengesampingkan OnPaint metode menggunakan OptimizedDoubleBuffer gaya kontrol.

• Menggambar dengan mengesampingkan OnPaint metode untuk metode formulir tanpa menggunakan OptimizedDoubleBuffer gaya kontrol.

Di setiap mode, teks digambar yang mengidentifikasi mode saat ini dan menjelaskan perilaku yang terjadi ketika setiap tombol mouse ditekan.

#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>
#using <System.Drawing.dll>
#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;

namespace BufferingExample
{
   public ref class BufferingExample: public Form
   {
   private:
      BufferedGraphicsContext^ context;
      BufferedGraphics^ grafx;
      Byte bufferingMode;
      array<String^>^bufferingModeStrings;
      System::Windows::Forms::Timer^ timer1;
      Byte count;

   public:
      BufferingExample()
         : Form()
      {
         array<String^>^tempStrings = {"Draw to Form without OptimizedDoubleBufferring control style","Draw to Form using OptimizedDoubleBuffering control style","Draw to HDC for form"};
         bufferingModeStrings = tempStrings;

         // Configure the Form for this example.
         this->Text = "User double buffering";
         this->MouseDown += gcnew MouseEventHandler( this, &BufferingExample::MouseDownHandler );
         this->Resize += gcnew EventHandler( this, &BufferingExample::OnResize );
         this->SetStyle( static_cast<ControlStyles>(ControlStyles::AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles::UserPaint), true );

         // Configure a timer to draw graphics updates.
         timer1 = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Timer;
         timer1->Interval = 200;
         timer1->Tick += gcnew EventHandler( this, &BufferingExample::OnTimer );
         bufferingMode = 2;
         count = 0;

         // Retrieves the BufferedGraphicsContext for the 
         // current application domain.
         context = BufferedGraphicsManager::Current;

         // Sets the maximum size for the primary graphics buffer
         // of the buffered graphics context for the application
         // domain.  Any allocation requests for a buffer larger 
         // than this will create a temporary buffered graphics 
         // context to host the graphics buffer.
         context->MaximumBuffer = System::Drawing::Size( this->Width + 1, this->Height + 1 );

         // Allocates a graphics buffer the size of this form
         // using the pixel format of the Graphics created by 
         // the Form.CreateGraphics() method, which returns a 
         // Graphics object that matches the pixel format of the form.
         grafx = context->Allocate( this->CreateGraphics(), Rectangle(0,0,this->Width,this->Height) );

         // Draw the first frame to the buffer.
         DrawToBuffer( grafx->Graphics );
      }

   private:
      void MouseDownHandler( Object^ /*sender*/, MouseEventArgs^ e )
      {
         if ( e->Button == ::MouseButtons::Right )
         {
            // Cycle the buffering mode.
            if ( ++bufferingMode > 2 )
                        bufferingMode = 0;

            // If the previous buffering mode used 
            // the OptimizedDoubleBuffering ControlStyle,
            // disable the control style.
            if ( bufferingMode == 1 )
                        this->SetStyle( ControlStyles::OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true );

            // If the current buffering mode uses
            // the OptimizedDoubleBuffering ControlStyle,
            // enabke the control style.
            if ( bufferingMode == 2 )
                        this->SetStyle( ControlStyles::OptimizedDoubleBuffer, false );

            // Cause the background to be cleared and redraw.
            count = 6;
            DrawToBuffer( grafx->Graphics );
            this->Refresh();
         }
         else
         {
            
            // Toggle whether the redraw timer is active.
            if ( timer1->Enabled )
                        timer1->Stop();
            else
                        timer1->Start();
         }
      }

   private:
      void OnTimer( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
      {
         // Draw randomly positioned ellipses to the buffer.
         DrawToBuffer( grafx->Graphics );

         // If in bufferingMode 2, draw to the form's HDC.
         if ( bufferingMode == 2 )

         // Render the graphics buffer to the form's HDC.
         grafx->Render( Graphics::FromHwnd( this->Handle ) );
         // If in bufferingMode 0 or 1, draw in the paint method.
         else

         // If in bufferingMode 0 or 1, draw in the paint method.
         this->Refresh();
      }

      void OnResize( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
      {
         // Re-create the graphics buffer for a new window size.
         context->MaximumBuffer = System::Drawing::Size( this->Width + 1, this->Height + 1 );
         if ( grafx != nullptr )
         {
            delete grafx;
            grafx = nullptr;
         }

         grafx = context->Allocate( this->CreateGraphics(), Rectangle(0,0,this->Width,this->Height) );

         // Cause the background to be cleared and redraw.
         count = 6;
         DrawToBuffer( grafx->Graphics );
         this->Refresh();
      }

      void DrawToBuffer( Graphics^ g )
      {
         // Clear the graphics buffer every five updates.
         if ( ++count > 5 )
         {
            count = 0;
            grafx->Graphics->FillRectangle( Brushes::Black, 0, 0, this->Width, this->Height );
         }

         // Draw randomly positioned and colored ellipses.
         Random^ rnd = gcnew Random;
         for ( int i = 0; i < 20; i++ )
         {
            int px = rnd->Next( 20, this->Width - 40 );
            int py = rnd->Next( 20, this->Height - 40 );
            g->DrawEllipse( gcnew Pen( Color::FromArgb( rnd->Next( 0, 255 ), rnd->Next( 0, 255 ), rnd->Next( 0, 255 ) ), 1.0f ), px, py, px + rnd->Next( 0, this->Width - px - 20 ), py + rnd->Next( 0, this->Height - py - 20 ) );
         }

         // Draw information strings.
         g->DrawString( String::Format( "Buffering Mode: {0}", bufferingModeStrings[ bufferingMode ] ), gcnew System::Drawing::Font( "Arial",8 ), Brushes::White, 10, 10 );
         g->DrawString( "Right-click to cycle buffering mode", gcnew System::Drawing::Font( "Arial",8 ), Brushes::White, 10, 22 );
         g->DrawString( "Left-click to toggle timed display refresh", gcnew System::Drawing::Font( "Arial",8 ), Brushes::White, 10, 34 );
      }

   protected:
      virtual void OnPaint( PaintEventArgs^ e ) override
      {
         grafx->Render( e->Graphics );
      }
   };
}

[STAThread]
int main()
{
   Application::Run( gcnew BufferingExample::BufferingExample );
}

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace BufferingExample
{
    public class BufferingExample : Form
    {
        private BufferedGraphicsContext context;
        private BufferedGraphics grafx;

    private byte bufferingMode;
    private string[] bufferingModeStrings =
        { "Draw to Form without OptimizedDoubleBufferring control style",
          "Draw to Form using OptimizedDoubleBuffering control style",
          "Draw to HDC for form" };

    private System.Windows.Forms.Timer timer1;
    private byte count;

        public BufferingExample() : base()
        {
            // Configure the Form for this example.
            this.Text = "User double buffering";
            this.MouseDown += new MouseEventHandler(this.MouseDownHandler);
            this.Resize += new EventHandler(this.OnResize);
            this.SetStyle( ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.UserPaint, true );

            // Configure a timer to draw graphics updates.
        timer1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();
        timer1.Interval = 200;
        timer1.Tick += new EventHandler(this.OnTimer);

        bufferingMode = 2;
        count = 0;

            // Retrieves the BufferedGraphicsContext for the
            // current application domain.
            context = BufferedGraphicsManager.Current;

            // Sets the maximum size for the primary graphics buffer
            // of the buffered graphics context for the application
            // domain.  Any allocation requests for a buffer larger
            // than this will create a temporary buffered graphics
            // context to host the graphics buffer.
            context.MaximumBuffer = new Size(this.Width+1, this.Height+1);

            // Allocates a graphics buffer the size of this form
            // using the pixel format of the Graphics created by
            // the Form.CreateGraphics() method, which returns a
            // Graphics object that matches the pixel format of the form.
            grafx = context.Allocate(this.CreateGraphics(),
                 new Rectangle( 0, 0, this.Width, this.Height ));

        // Draw the first frame to the buffer.
        DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics);
        }

    private void MouseDownHandler(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
        if( e.Button == MouseButtons.Right )
        {
                 // Cycle the buffering mode.
             if( ++bufferingMode > 2 )
                     bufferingMode = 0;

                 // If the previous buffering mode used
                 // the OptimizedDoubleBuffering ControlStyle,
                 // disable the control style.
                 if( bufferingMode == 1 )
                     this.SetStyle( ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true );

                 // If the current buffering mode uses
                 // the OptimizedDoubleBuffering ControlStyle,
                 // enabke the control style.
                 if( bufferingMode == 2 )
                     this.SetStyle( ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, false );

                 // Cause the background to be cleared and redraw.
                 count = 6;
                 DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics);
         this.Refresh();
        }
        else
        {
                // Toggle whether the redraw timer is active.
        if( timer1.Enabled )
            timer1.Stop();
        else
            timer1.Start();
        }
        }

    private void OnTimer(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
            // Draw randomly positioned ellipses to the buffer.
        DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics);

            // If in bufferingMode 2, draw to the form's HDC.
        if( bufferingMode == 2 )
                    // Render the graphics buffer to the form's HDC.
            grafx.Render(Graphics.FromHwnd(this.Handle));
            // If in bufferingMode 0 or 1, draw in the paint method.
        else
            this.Refresh();
    }

        private void OnResize(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
           // Re-create the graphics buffer for a new window size.
           context.MaximumBuffer = new Size(this.Width+1, this.Height+1);
           if( grafx != null )
           {
           grafx.Dispose();
               grafx = null;
           }
           grafx = context.Allocate(this.CreateGraphics(),
               new Rectangle( 0, 0, this.Width, this.Height ));

           // Cause the background to be cleared and redraw.
           count = 6;
           DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics);
       this.Refresh();
        }	

    private void DrawToBuffer(Graphics g)
    {
            // Clear the graphics buffer every five updates.
        if( ++count > 5 )
            {
                count = 0;
                grafx.Graphics.FillRectangle(Brushes.Black, 0, 0, this.Width, this.Height);
            }

            // Draw randomly positioned and colored ellipses.
        Random rnd = new Random();
        for( int i=0; i<20; i++ )
        {
        int px = rnd.Next(20,this.Width-40);
        int py = rnd.Next(20,this.Height-40);
        g.DrawEllipse(new Pen(Color.FromArgb(rnd.Next(0, 255), rnd.Next(0,255), rnd.Next(0,255)), 1),
            px, py, px+rnd.Next(0, this.Width-px-20), py+rnd.Next(0, this.Height-py-20)); 	    			
        }

            // Draw information strings.
        g.DrawString("Buffering Mode: "+bufferingModeStrings[bufferingMode], new Font("Arial", 8), Brushes.White, 10, 10);
            g.DrawString("Right-click to cycle buffering mode", new Font("Arial", 8), Brushes.White, 10, 22);
            g.DrawString("Left-click to toggle timed display refresh", new Font("Arial", 8), Brushes.White, 10, 34);
    }

    protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
        grafx.Render(e.Graphics);
    }

        [STAThread]
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
        Application.Run(new BufferingExample());
        }
    }
}

Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Public Class BufferingExample
    Inherits Form
    Private context As BufferedGraphicsContext
    Private grafx As BufferedGraphics
    
    Private bufferingMode As Byte
    Private bufferingModeStrings As String() = _
        {"Draw to Form without OptimizedDoubleBufferring control style", _
         "Draw to Form using OptimizedDoubleBuffering control style", _
         "Draw to HDC for form"}
    
    Private timer1 As System.Windows.Forms.Timer
    Private count As Byte    
    
    Public Sub New()
        ' Configure the Form for this example.
        Me.Text = "User double buffering"
        AddHandler Me.MouseDown, AddressOf Me.MouseDownHandler
        AddHandler Me.Resize, AddressOf Me.ResizeHandler
        Me.SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint Or ControlStyles.UserPaint, True)
        
        ' Configure a timer to draw graphics updates.
        timer1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Timer()
        timer1.Interval = 200
        AddHandler timer1.Tick, AddressOf Me.OnTimer
        
        bufferingMode = 2
        count = 0
        
        ' Retrieves the BufferedGraphicsContext for the 
        ' current application domain.
        context = BufferedGraphicsManager.Current
        
        ' Sets the maximum size for the primary graphics buffer
        ' of the buffered graphics context for the application
        ' domain.  Any allocation requests for a buffer larger 
        ' than this will create a temporary buffered graphics 
        ' context to host the graphics buffer.
        context.MaximumBuffer = New Size(Me.Width + 1, Me.Height + 1)
        
        ' Allocates a graphics buffer the size of this form
        ' using the pixel format of the Graphics created by 
        ' the Form.CreateGraphics() method, which returns a 
        ' Graphics object that matches the pixel format of the form.
        grafx = context.Allocate(Me.CreateGraphics(), _
            New Rectangle(0, 0, Me.Width, Me.Height))
        
        ' Draw the first frame to the buffer.
        DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics)
    End Sub    
    
    Private Sub MouseDownHandler(sender As Object, e As MouseEventArgs)
        If e.Button = MouseButtons.Right Then
            ' Cycle the buffering mode.
            bufferingMode = bufferingMode+1
            If bufferingMode > 2 Then
                bufferingMode = 0
            End If 
            ' If the previous buffering mode used 
            ' the OptimizedDoubleBuffering ControlStyle,
            ' disable the control style.
            If bufferingMode = 1 Then
                Me.SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, True)
            End If 
            ' If the current buffering mode uses
            ' the OptimizedDoubleBuffering ControlStyle,
            ' enabke the control style.
            If bufferingMode = 2 Then
                Me.SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, False)
            End If 
            ' Cause the background to be cleared and redraw.
            count = 6
            DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics)
            Me.Refresh()
        Else
            ' Toggle whether the redraw timer is active.
            If timer1.Enabled Then
                timer1.Stop()
            Else
                timer1.Start()
            End If
        End If
    End Sub
     
    Private Sub OnTimer(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
        ' Draw randomly positioned ellipses to the buffer.
        DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics)
        
        ' If in bufferingMode 2, draw to the form's HDC.
        If bufferingMode = 2 Then
            ' Render the graphics buffer to the form's HDC.
            grafx.Render(Graphics.FromHwnd(Me.Handle))
        ' If in bufferingMode 0 or 1, draw in the paint method.
        Else
            Me.Refresh()
        End If
    End Sub
     
    Private Sub ResizeHandler(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
        ' Re-create the graphics buffer for a new window size.
        context.MaximumBuffer = New Size(Me.Width + 1, Me.Height + 1)
        If (grafx IsNot Nothing) Then
            grafx.Dispose()
            grafx = Nothing
        End If
        grafx = context.Allocate(Me.CreateGraphics(), New Rectangle(0, 0, Me.Width, Me.Height))
        
        ' Cause the background to be cleared and redraw.
        count = 6
        DrawToBuffer(grafx.Graphics)
        Me.Refresh()
    End Sub    
    
    Private Sub DrawToBuffer(g As Graphics)
        ' Clear the graphics buffer every five updates.
        count = count+1
        If count > 5 Then
            count = 0
            grafx.Graphics.FillRectangle(Brushes.Black, 0, 0, Me.Width, Me.Height)
        End If
        
        ' Draw randomly positioned and colored ellipses.
        Dim rnd As New Random()
        Dim i As Integer
        For i = 0 To 21
            Dim px As Integer = rnd.Next(20, Me.Width - 40)
            Dim py As Integer = rnd.Next(20, Me.Height - 40)
            g.DrawEllipse(New Pen(Color.FromArgb(rnd.Next(0, 255), rnd.Next(0, 255), _
                rnd.Next(0, 255)), 1), px, py, px + rnd.Next(0, Me.Width - px - 20), _
                py + rnd.Next(0, Me.Height - py - 20))
        Next i
        
        ' Draw information strings.
        g.DrawString("Buffering Mode: " + bufferingModeStrings(bufferingMode), _
            New Font("Arial", 8), Brushes.White, 10, 10)
        g.DrawString("Right-click to cycle buffering mode", New Font("Arial", 8), _
            Brushes.White, 10, 22)
        g.DrawString("Left-click to toggle timed display refresh", _
            New Font("Arial", 8), Brushes.White, 10, 34)
    End Sub    
    
    Protected Overrides Sub OnPaint(e As PaintEventArgs)
        grafx.Render(e.Graphics)
    End Sub   
    
    <STAThread()>  _
    Public Shared Sub Main(args() As String)
        Application.Run(New BufferingExample())
    End Sub

End Class

Kelas ini BufferedGraphics memungkinkan Anda menerapkan buffering ganda kustom untuk grafik Anda. Ini menyediakan pembungkus untuk buffer grafis, bersama dengan metode yang dapat Anda gunakan untuk menulis ke buffer dan merender kontennya ke perangkat output.

Grafik yang menggunakan buffering ganda dapat mengurangi atau menghilangkan kedipan yang disebabkan oleh penggambaran ulang permukaan tampilan. Saat Anda menggunakan buffering ganda, grafik yang diperbarui pertama kali digambar ke buffer dalam memori, dan isi buffer ini kemudian dengan cepat ditulis ke beberapa atau semua permukaan yang ditampilkan. Timpa grafik yang ditampilkan secara relatif singkat ini biasanya mengurangi atau menghilangkan kedipan yang terkadang terjadi ketika grafik diperbarui.

Kelas BufferedGraphics tidak memiliki konstruktor publik dan harus dibuat oleh BufferedGraphicsContext untuk domain aplikasi menggunakan metodenya Allocate . Anda dapat mengambil BufferedGraphicsContext untuk domain aplikasi saat ini dari properti statis BufferedGraphicsManager.Current .

Properti Graphics dapat digunakan untuk menggambar ke buffer grafis. Properti ini menyediakan akses ke Graphics objek yang menggambar ke buffer grafis yang dialokasikan untuk objek ini BufferedGraphics .

Metode Render tanpa argumen menggambar konten buffer grafis ke permukaan yang ditentukan ketika buffer dialokasikan. Kelebihan beban Render metode lainnya memungkinkan Anda menentukan Graphics objek atau IntPtr objek yang menunjuk ke konteks perangkat untuk menggambar konten buffer grafis.

Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang menggambar grafik buffer ganda, lihat Grafik Buffered Ganda.

Kelas BufferedGraphics ini tidak aman untuk utas. Saat mengakses buffer grafis dari utas terpisah, penting untuk menggunakan mekanisme kontrol akses utas untuk mencegah konflik.

• Grafik BufferEd Ganda