Menambahkan dukungan telusuri paling detail

Saat visual memiliki hierarki, Anda bisa mengizinkan pengguna menggunakan fitur telusuri paling detail Power BI untuk mengungkapkan detail selengkapnya.

Baca selengkapnya tentang fitur telusuri paling detail Power BI di mode Telusuri Paling Detail di layanan Power BI. Untuk memungkinkan visual mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan fitur penelusuran secara dinamis, lihat Kontrol penelusuran dinamis.

Aktifkan dukungan perinci pencarian di visual

Untuk mendukung tindakan telusuri paling detail di visual Anda, tambahkan bidang baru ke capabilities.json bernama drill-down. Bidang ini memiliki satu properti yang disebut roles yang berisi nama dataRole yang ingin Anda aktifkan tindakan telusuri paling detail.

    "drilldown": {
        "roles": [
            "category"
        ]
    }

Setelah Anda menambahkan peran ke bidang perinci pencarian, pengguna dapat menyeret beberapa bidang ke dalam peran data.

Contohnya:

{
    "dataRoles": [
        {
            "displayName": "Category",
            "name": "category",
            "kind": "Grouping"
        },
        {
            "displayName": "Value",
            "name": "value",
            "kind": "Measure"
        }
    ],
    "drilldown": {
        "roles": [
            "category"
        ]
    },
    "dataViewMappings": [
        {
            "categorical": {
                "categories": {
                    "for": {
                        "in": "category"
                    }
                },
                "values": {
                    "select": [
                        {
                            "bind": {
                                "to": "value"
                            }
                        }
                    ]
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Membuat visual dengan dukungan penelusuran paling detail

Untuk membuat visual dengan dukungan telusuri paling detail, jalankan perintah berikut:

pbiviz new testDrillDown -t default

Untuk membuat visual sampel default, terapkan sampel capabilities.json di atas ke visual yang baru dibuat.

Buat properti untuk kontainer div untuk menampung elemen HTML visual:

"use strict";

import "core-js/stable";
import "./../style/visual.less";
// imports

export class Visual implements IVisual {
    // visual properties
    // ...
    private div: HTMLDivElement; // <== NEW PROPERTY

    constructor(options: VisualConstructorOptions) {
        // constructor body
        // ...
    }

    public update(options: VisualUpdateOptions) {
        // update method body
        // ...
    }

    /**
     * Returns properties pane formatting model content hierarchies, properties and latest formatting values, Then populate properties pane.
     * This method is called once each time we open the properties pane or when the user edits any format property. 
     */
    public getFormattingModel(): powerbi.visuals.FormattingModel {
        return this.formattingSettingsService.buildFormattingModel(this.formattingSettings);
    }
}

Perbarui konstruktor visual:

export class Visual implements IVisual {
    // visual properties
    // ...
    private div: HTMLDivElement;

    constructor(options: VisualConstructorOptions) {
        console.log('Visual constructor', options);
        this.formattingSettingsService = new FormattingSettingsService();
        this.target = options.element;
        this.updateCount = 0;

        if (document) {
            const new_p: HTMLElement = document.createElement("p");
            new_p.appendChild(document.createTextNode("Update count:"));
            const new_em: HTMLElement = document.createElement("em");
            this.textNode = document.createTextNode(this.updateCount.toString());
            new_em.appendChild(this.textNode);
            new_p.appendChild(new_em);
            this.div = document.createElement("div"); // <== CREATE DIV ELEMENT
            this.target.appendChild(new_p);
        }
    }
}

Untuk membuat button, perbarui update metode visual:

export class Visual implements IVisual {
    // ...

    public update(options: VisualUpdateOptions) {
        this.formattingSettings = this.formattingSettingsService.populateFormattingSettingsModel(VisualFormattingSettingsModel, options.dataViews);
        console.log('Visual update', options);

        const dataView: DataView = options.dataViews[0];
        const categoricalDataView: DataViewCategorical = dataView.categorical;

        // don't create elements if no data
        if (!options.dataViews[0].categorical ||
            !options.dataViews[0].categorical.categories) {
            return
        }

        // to display current level of hierarchy
        if (typeof this.textNode !== undefined) {
            this.textNode.textContent = categoricalDataView.categories[categoricalDataView.categories.length - 1].source.displayName.toString();
        }

        // remove old elements
        // for better performance use D3js pattern:
        // https://d3js.org/#enter-exit
        while (this.div.firstChild) {
            this.div.removeChild(this.div.firstChild);
        }

        // create buttons for each category value
        categoricalDataView.categories[categoricalDataView.categories.length - 1].values.forEach( (category: powerbi.PrimitiveValue, index: number) => {
            let button = document.createElement("button");
            button.innerText = category.toString();

            this.div.appendChild(button);
        })

    }
    // ...

Terapkan gaya sederhana di .\style\visual.less:

button {
    margin: 5px;
    min-width: 50px;
    min-height: 50px;
}

Siapkan data sampel untuk menguji visual:

Dan buat Hierarki di Power BI Desktop:

Sertakan semua kolom kategori (H1, H2, H3) ke hierarki baru:

Setelah langkah-langkah tersebut, Anda akan mendapatkan visual berikut:

Menambahkan menu konteks ke elemen visual

Untuk menambahkan menu konteks ke tombol pada visual:

Simpan host objek di properti metode visual dan panggilan createSelectionManager ke manajer pilihan buat untuk menampilkan menu konteks dengan menggunakan Power BI Visuals API.

"use strict";

import "core-js/stable";
import "./../style/visual.less";
// default imports

import IVisualHost = powerbi.extensibility.visual.IVisualHost;
import ISelectionManager = powerbi.extensibility.ISelectionManager;
import ISelectionId = powerbi.visuals.ISelectionId;

export class Visual implements IVisual {
    // visual properties
    // ...
    private div: HTMLDivElement;
    private host: IVisualHost; // <== NEW PROPERTY
    private selectionManager: ISelectionManager; // <== NEW PROPERTY

    constructor(options: VisualConstructorOptions) {
        // constructor body
        // save the host in the visuals properties
        this.host = options.host;
        // create selection manager
        this.selectionManager = this.host.createSelectionManager();
        // ...
    }

    public update(options: VisualUpdateOptions) {
        // update method body
        // ...
    }

    // ...
}

Ubah isi fungsi panggilan balik forEach menjadi:

    categoricalDataView.categories[categoricalDataView.categories.length - 1].values.forEach( (category: powerbi.PrimitiveValue, index: number) => {
        // create selectionID for each category value
        let selectionID: ISelectionId = this.host.createSelectionIdBuilder()
            .withCategory(categoricalDataView.categories[0], index)
            .createSelectionId();

        let button = document.createElement("button");
        button.innerText = category.toString();

        // add event listener to click event
        button.addEventListener("click", (event) => {
            // call select method in the selection manager
            this.selectionManager.select(selectionID);
        });

        button.addEventListener("contextmenu", (event) => {
            // call showContextMenu method to display context menu on the visual
            this.selectionManager.showContextMenu(selectionID, {
                x: event.clientX,
                y: event.clientY
            });
            event.preventDefault();
        });

        this.div.appendChild(button);
    });

Terapkan data ke visual:

Pada langkah terakhir, Anda akan mendapatkan visual dengan pilihan dan menu konteks:

Menambahkan dukungan perinci pencarian untuk pemetaan tampilan data matriks

Untuk menguji visual dengan pemetaan tampilan data matriks, pertama-tama siapkan data sampel:

Kemudian terapkan pemetaan tampilan data berikut ke visual:

{
    "dataRoles": [
        {
            "displayName": "Columns",
            "name": "columns",
            "kind": "Grouping"
        },
        {
            "displayName": "Rows",
            "name": "rows",
            "kind": "Grouping"
        },
        {
            "displayName": "Value",
            "name": "value",
            "kind": "Measure"
        }
    ],
    "drilldown": {
        "roles": [
            "columns",
            "rows"
        ]
    },
    "dataViewMappings": [
        {
            "matrix": {
                "columns": {
                    "for": {
                        "in": "columns"
                    }
                },
                "rows": {
                    "for": {
                        "in": "rows"
                    }
                },
                "values": {
                    "for": {
                        "in": "value"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Terapkan data ke visual:

Impor antarmuka yang dibutuhkan untuk memproses pemetaan tampilan data matriks:

// ...
import DataViewMatrix = powerbi.DataViewMatrix;
import DataViewMatrixNode = powerbi.DataViewMatrixNode;
import DataViewHierarchyLevel = powerbi.DataViewHierarchyLevel;
// ...

Buat dua properti untuk dua div elemen baris dan kolom:

export class Visual implements IVisual {
    // ...
    private rowsDiv: HTMLDivElement;
    private colsDiv: HTMLDivElement;
    // ...
    constructor(options: VisualConstructorOptions) {
        // constructor body
        // ...
        // Create div elements and append to main div of the visual
        this.rowsDiv = document.createElement("div");
        this.target.appendChild(this.rowsDiv);

        this.colsDiv = document.createElement("div");
        this.target.appendChild(this.colsDiv);
    }
    // ...
}

Periksa data sebelum menyajikan elemen dan tampilkan tingkat hierarki saat ini:

export class Visual implements IVisual {
    // ...
    constructor(options: VisualConstructorOptions) {
        // constructor body
    }

    public update(options: VisualUpdateOptions) {
        this.formattingSettings = this.formattingSettingsService.populateFormattingSettingsModel(VisualFormattingSettingsModel, options.dataViews);
        console.log('Visual update', options);

        const dataView: DataView = options.dataViews[0];
        const matrixDataView: DataViewMatrix = dataView.matrix;

        // if the visual doesn't receive the data no reason to continue rendering
        if (!matrixDataView ||
            !matrixDataView.columns ||
            !matrixDataView.rows ) {
            return
        }

        // to display current level of hierarchy
        if (typeof this.textNode !== undefined) {
            this.textNode.textContent = categoricalDataView.categories[categoricalDataView.categories.length - 1].source.displayName.toString();
        }
        // ...
    }
    // ...
}

Buat fungsi treeWalker untuk mengunjungi hierarki:

export class Visual implements IVisual {
    // ...
    public update(options: VisualUpdateOptions) {
        // ...

        // if the visual doesn't receive the data no reason to continue rendering
        if (!matrixDataView ||
            !matrixDataView.columns ||
            !matrixDataView.rows ) {
            return
        }

        const treeWalker = (matrixNode: DataViewMatrixNode, index: number, levels: DataViewHierarchyLevel[], div: HTMLDivElement)  => {
            // ...
            if (matrixNode.children) {
                // ...
                // traversing child nodes
                matrixNode.children.forEach((node, index) => treeWalker(node, index, levels, childDiv));
            }
        }

        // traversing rows
        const rowRoot: DataViewMatrixNode = matrixDataView.rows.root;
        rowRoot.children.forEach((node, index) => treeWalker(node, index, matrixDataView.rows.levels, this.rowsDiv));

        // traversing columns
        const colRoot = matrixDataView.columns.root;
        colRoot.children.forEach((node, index) => treeWalker(node, index, matrixDataView.columns.levels, this.colsDiv));
    }
    // ...
}

Buat pilihan untuk datapoint.

const treeWalker = (matrixNode: DataViewMatrixNode, index: number, levels: DataViewHierarchyLevel[], div: HTMLDivElement)  => {
    // generate selectionID for each node of matrix
    const selectionID: ISelectionID = this.host.createSelectionIdBuilder()
        .withMatrixNode(matrixNode, levels)
        .createSelectionId();
    // ...
    if (matrixNode.children) {
        // ...
        // traversing child nodes
        matrixNode.children.forEach((node, index) => treeWalker(node, index, levels, childDiv));
    }
}

Buat div untuk setiap tingkat hierarki:

const treeWalker = (matrixNode: DataViewMatrixNode, index: number, levels: DataViewHierarchyLevel[], div: HTMLDivElement)  => {
    // generate selectionID for each node of matrix
    const selectionID: ISelectionID = this.host.createSelectionIdBuilder()
        .withMatrixNode(matrixNode, levels)
        .createSelectionId();
    // ...
    if (matrixNode.children) {
        // create div element for level
        const childDiv = document.createElement("div");
        // add to current div
        div.appendChild(childDiv);
        // create paragraph element to display next
        const p = document.createElement("p");
        // display level name on paragraph element
        const level = levels[matrixNode.level];
        p.innerText = level.sources[level.sources.length - 1].displayName;
        // add paragraph element to created child div
        childDiv.appendChild(p);
        // traversing child nodes
        matrixNode.children.forEach((node, index) => treeWalker(node, index, levels, childDiv));
    }
}

Buat buttons untuk berinteraksi dengan visual dan menampilkan menu konteks untuk datapoint matriks:

const treeWalker = (matrixNode: DataViewMatrixNode, index: number, levels: DataViewHierarchyLevel[], div: HTMLDivElement)  => {
    // generate selectionID for each node of matrix
    const selectionID: ISelectionID = this.host.createSelectionIdBuilder()
        .withMatrixNode(matrixNode, levels)
        .createSelectionId();

    // create button element
    let button = document.createElement("button");
    // display node value/name of the button's text
    button.innerText = matrixNode.value.toString();

    // add event listener on click
    button.addEventListener("click", (event) => {
        // call select method in the selection manager
        this.selectionManager.select(selectionID);
    });

    // display context menu on click
    button.addEventListener("contextmenu", (event) => {
        // call showContextMenu method to display context menu on the visual
        this.selectionManager.showContextMenu(selectionID, {
            x: event.clientX,
            y: event.clientY
        });
        event.preventDefault();
    });

    div.appendChild(button);

    if (matrixNode.children) {
        // ...
    }
}

Hapus elemen div sebelum me-render elemen lagi:

public update(options: VisualUpdateOptions) {
    // ...
    const treeWalker = (matrixNode: DataViewMatrixNode, index: number, levels: DataViewHierarchyLevel[], div: HTMLDivElement)  => {
        // ...
    }

    // remove old elements
    // to better performance use D3js pattern:
    // https://d3js.org/#enter-exit
    while (this.rowsDiv.firstChild) {
        this.rowsDiv.removeChild(this.rowsDiv.firstChild);
    }
    // create label for row elements
    const prow = document.createElement("p");
    prow.innerText = "Rows";
    this.rowsDiv.appendChild(prow);

    while (this.colsDiv.firstChild) {
        this.colsDiv.removeChild(this.colsDiv.firstChild);
    }
    // create label for columns elements
    const pcol = document.createElement("p");
    pcol.innerText = "Columns";
    this.colsDiv.appendChild(pcol);

    // render elements for rows
    const rowRoot: DataViewMatrixNode = matrixDataView.rows.root;
    rowRoot.children.forEach((node, index) => treeWalker(node, index, matrixDataView.rows.levels, this.rowsDiv));

    // render elements for columns
    const colRoot = matrixDataView.columns.root;
    colRoot.children.forEach((node, index) => treeWalker(node, index, matrixDataView.columns.levels, this.colsDiv));
}

Terakhir, Anda harus mendapatkan visual dengan menu konteks:

Konten terkait

• Cara menggunakan API dukungan penelusuran paling detail
• Kontrol penelusuran paling detail dinamis